time in such a normal way). I found that one side of this spec trum sees the sexual freedom that hookup culture offers as liberating, and think that casual hookups save time for more important things. From this per spective, collegiate women are overachieving, highly-focused “girl bosses” who simply didn’t have time to be tied down to a man, and so turn to hookup cul ture as the most time-efficient type of relationship. With hookup culture, “you still get to manage your dreams and aspirations and your career without. .needing to give too much romantically to men. It’s kind of like de-centering men,” Iris hypothesized. Like Iris, many women also see their participation in hookup culture as a way to rail against the stereotype that women are more emotional and depen dent. “There is the narrative of an expectation that the woman should want more and the man should want less,” Haverford junior Jasmine explains, and hookups are one way to dis prove that sexist idea. However, this cut-and-dry ver sion of female empowerment doesn’t sit right with everyone. Some of the women I spoke with noted the ways in which hookup culture seems to be set up against women, and— ironically—intimacy. Because hookups are often between ac quaintances and strangers, and because our generation has a pathological fear of awkward ness, the culture is designed in a way so participants have to do the least amount of communi cation possible. This ambiguity means that students can avoid the dreaded awkwardness, but it also means that women are often subjected to unwanted or aggressive attention from men that they aren’t given much vocabulary with which to disen gage. Not just that: if you treat your partner too lovingly or respect fully, it could seem like you are looking for a relationship, and since talking things through itself would be implying too much seriousness, the only way to prove you are being “cool and casual” is to treat your part ner poorly. Amy, a junior at New York University who has “dabbled” in hookup culture over the years, echoed that idea in my interview with her. “The actual connotations around dating have shifted so heavily, so you only do those sweet things given you’re committed,” she explained. Iris notices the shift after a hookup has finished. “The bad thing about hookup culture,” she tells me, “is be cause it’s so casual. . .you sort of skip all the steps of intimacy.” She gets scared by the way that, once the hookup is over, “you wake up in the morning and [the person has] completely changed”: they’ve revoked the kindness they used to get her in “It would bother me when we would hook up and he would say thank you, because that meant I was giving him something.” bed as a way to remind her that she’s just a hookup. To many women and men alike, hookup culture can feel very transactional, and deep con nection—something important for social wellbeing—seems to take a backseat. It is absolute ly true that not every woman wants a relationship out of a hookup, but for those who do or for those who are unsure, it can feel conflicting. Amy had this experience with her most recent boyfriend, who started as a casual hookup. “I had this service—which sounds kind of awful—but [hooking up] was a service I could give and it was something that he wanted, and that was maybe my way of keeping him around. And that definitely felt awful,” she admitted. “It would bother me when we would hook up and he would say thank you,” Amy continues, “because that meant I was giving him something.” It is that transactional expec tation—whether feigned or real—that is a breeding ground for dangerous behavior. Mad die, a Haverford junior who is “generally an abstainer” but has met partners through hook ups, quipped that her straight female friends at Haverford find it “hard to find a person who fits 4
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